PCL‑191 远程箱式火箭炮 PCL‑191 Long‑Range Box‑Type Multiple Launch Rocket System-飞行邦网

也常称 PHL‑191，外贸型号 AR‑3，2019 年国庆 70 周年阅兵首次公开亮相，是中国陆军新一代模块化远程精确火力装备，逐步替代 PHL‑03 式远火。 Also designated PHL‑191; export variant AR‑3. It made its public debut at the 70th‑anniversary National Day Parade in 2019. It is the new‑generation modular long‑range precision‑fire asset of the PLA Ground Force, gradually replacing the older PHL‑03 MLRS。

一、系统概况 1. System Overview

项目 Item	详情 Details
研制单位 Developer	中国兵器工业集团 NORINCO (China North Industries Group)
底盘 Chassis	8×8 万山 WS‑2400 重型越野卡车 8×8 WS‑2400 heavy‑duty off‑road truck
战斗全重 Combat Weight	约 45 吨 ~45 tons
最大公路时速 Max Road Speed	80 km/h
最大续航 Max Range on Road	650 km
乘员 Crew	3 人 3 personnel
转换战斗时间 Reaction Time	行进转入战斗约 3 分钟 ≈3 min from march to fire‑ready status
再装填 Reload	模块化吊箱更换，6‑10 分钟完成 Pod‑swapping reload; 6‑10 minutes turnaround
核心特征 Key Feature	双模块化储运‑发射一体化箱，弹箭共架，可混装不同口径弹药 Two interchangeable store‑transport‑launch pods; mixed‑calibre “rockets‑and‑missiles‑on‑one‑launcher” capability

二、主要弹药配置 2. Main Ammunition Options

弹药类型 Ammo Type	配置与射程 Configuration & Range	制导与特性 Guidance & Features
300 毫米制导火箭弹 300 mm guided rocket	每箱 5 枚，整车最多 10 枚；射程 70‑150 km 5 rounds per pod, max 10 rounds per vehicle; range 70‑150 km	惯性 + 北斗复合制导；杀爆、子母、末敏、云爆弹等，用于面压制 INS+BeiDou guidance; HE‑fragmentation, cluster, sensor‑fused, thermobaric warheads for area suppression
370 毫米火龙‑280 制导火箭弹 370 mm Fire‑Dragon‑280 guided rocket	每箱 4 枚，整车最多 8 枚；射程 280‑350 km 4 rounds per pod, max 8 rounds per vehicle; range 280‑350 km	惯性 + 北斗，CEP 米级；打击指挥所、雷达站、防空阵地等高价值点目标 INS+BeiDou guidance, metre‑level CEP; for high‑value point targets such as command posts and radar sites
750 毫米火龙‑480 战术弹道导弹 750 mm Fire‑Dragon‑480 tactical ballistic missile	每箱 1 枚，整车最多 2 枚；射程≈500 km 1 missile per pod, max 2 missiles per vehicle; range ~500 km	复合制导，可配备钻地、高爆、子母战斗部，执行纵深精确打击 Multi‑mode guidance; penetrator, HE‑fragmentation, cluster warheads for deep‑strike missions
其它弹种 Other ordnance	炮射巡飞弹、反辐射火箭弹、空爆杀伤弹 Loitering munitions, anti‑radiation rockets, air‑burst fragmentation rounds	巡飞侦察打击；反辐射专打雷达；空爆杀伤人员与轻装备 Loiter‑recon‑strike; anti‑radiation for radar suppression; air‑burst against personnel & light vehicles

三、核心优势 3. Core Advantages

模块化快速换箱 Modular pod‑swap design 抛弃传统单管装填，整体吊换发射箱，再装填速度远高于老式火箭炮，打完即撤，生存能力大幅提升。

Instead of tube‑by‑tube loading, whole pods are crane‑swapped. Reload speed greatly surpasses older MLRS; “shoot‑and‑scoot” improves battlefield survivability。

弹箭共架、弹性任务 Mixed‑ammo flexible mission capability 一辆车可同时挂载两种不同口径发射箱，一次出车兼顾近距面压制、中远程精确打击、纵深导弹突击。

One launcher can carry two different‑calibre pods simultaneously, performing area suppression, medium‑long‑range precision strike and deep missile assault in one mission。

高精度远火 Long‑range precision strike 摆脱传统火箭炮 “靠覆盖杀伤”，制导火箭弹实现米级圆概率误差，兼顾火箭炮的火力密度与战术导弹的点打击能力。

Moves beyond traditional saturation‑only rocket artillery. Guided rockets deliver metre‑level CEP, combining MLRS volume‑of‑fire with tactical‑missile‑grade point‑strike performance。

高机动轮式底盘 High‑mobility wheeled chassis 公路机动快，可依托公路网大范围机动部署，不需要铁路运输即可快速跨区机动。

Excellent road mobility, enabling wide‑area redeployment via highway networks without heavy rail transportODIN。

四、主要作战定位 4. Operational Role

装备陆军军属炮兵旅，承担远程火力突击任务：压制兵力集结地、后勤枢纽、防空阵地、雷达站、机场、港口、指挥中心，兼顾跨海、高原、荒漠等多环境作战。

Issued to army‑level artillery brigades. Missions include striking troop concentrations, logistics hubs, air‑defence sites, radar stations, airfields, ports and command posts. Operates across maritime‑crossing, plateau and desert environments。

五、与海马斯简单对比 5. Brief Comparison with HIMARS

PCL‑191：双大发射箱，兼容 300/370 毫米火箭弹 + 750 毫米战术导弹；射程覆盖 70‑500km；载弹量大，火力密度高。

PCL‑191: Two large pods; compatible with 300/370 mm rockets plus 750 mm tactical missiles; range envelope 70‑500 km; large ammunition load, high fire density。